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The Basque ''señoríos'' were medieval hereditary land titles over an area called ''señorío'' (Lordship), or "Conde", Count recognized by a king to former basque chieftains. Losely related to the concept of manorialism because the King had to swear allegiance to the fueros in exchange for military assistance from the Basque Chiefs who were considered sovereign over their own lands and people.. The Basque term is ''jaurerria'' (pronounced (:xauˈɾeria)), means "lord's country" and usually relates to the señoríos of the Basque Country. Either term frequently refers to the most important of these, the ''Bizkaiko Jaurerria'' or ''Señorío de Vizcaya'' (Lordship of Biscay) as it is known in Spanish. Most other Basque ''jauerriak'' were much smaller, such as the ''Oñatiko Jaurerria'' (''Señorío de Oñate''). This title confirmed the considerable powers of the Lord or Count of Vizcaya which in other areas were directly controlled by the king. A ''señor'' was a Sovereign judicial and military high authority, who ruled directly without referring to a king. The powers of the Senor included power over life and death,appointment of government and civil servants, collect taxes, sign external treaties, raise armies and wage wars.The allied King of the Senorio formally requested permission to enter the land and could not pass a law in the land without the assent of the holder of the Senorio. ==Historical development== After the Sancho III of Navarre annexed Castile in 1029, the titles to the Lordship of Biscay were granted by the Kings of Navarre. This early "core" of Biscay consisted of: *the Lur Laua or ''Tierra Llana'', the "flat" (i.e. not fortified) lands of Biscay which were organised in elizates. *the chartered cities and towns of Biscay: Balmaseda, Bermeo, Bilbao, Durango, Ermua, Gernika, Lanestosa, Lekeitio, Markina, Ondarroa, Otxandio, Portugalete, Plentzia and Urduña. To these were added the Enkarterri and the area around Durango (called ''Durangaldea'' in Basque, ''Duranguesado'' in Spanish) at a later date. After the Kingdom of Navarre disintegrated during the 12th century and a big part of it was annexed by Castile, titles over lands were awarded to the nobility by the Kings of Castile. They continued to exist in various forms until 1876 when the Basque foral rights or fueros were abolished. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Basque señoríos」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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